Alternaria was among the fungi detected in the nasal mucosa of chronic rhinosinusitis patients.
Fungal allergenicity and their role in the pathogenesis of rhinitis are increasingly investigated these days and several allergenic fungi including Alternaria have been determined. Several studies showed that allergic rhinitis is more frequent in the areas of high Alternaria spore concentration. However, there are several aspects in the allergenicity of Alternaria, which needs to be clarified more. An Important aspect to be discussed is whether inhalation of Alternaria spores and presence of Alternaria in the nasal cavity play a role in induction of allergic rhinitis or not.
A study supports the hypothesis “Presence of Alternaria in the upper airways might induce allergic rhinitis". This can also be interpreted from another point of view: that is higher detection of Alternaria and sensitization to it might be due to poorer discharge from edematous nasal cavities in the allergic condition. However, results of the following investigations which show allergenic nature of Alternaria and higher prevalence of Alternaria in the environments of allergic patients confirm the above mentioned hypothesis.
In another study, Alternaria was suggested as the most common cause of allergic rhinitis among all the fungi investigated in that study. Approval of this hypothesis could also be inferred from the investigations, which showed the relation between concentration of airborne spores of Alternaria and the disease.
Another scientist discussed fungal levels in the home of children with allergic rhinitis and revealed that dust-borne Alternaria was among the predictors of allergic rhinitis. This study revealed that presence of Alternaria in the nasal cavity is related to allergic rhinitis. Some studies previously had shown the presence of Alternaria in the human nasal cavity in the rhinitis patients.
Thus, it could be understood that as sequential events,
1.inhalation of Alternaria
spores,
2.Settling in the nasal cavity,
3.Induction of hypersensitivity reactions towards Alternaria surface antigens and Alternaria sensitization are the proceedings of allergic rhinitis.
Alternaria was among the fungi detected in the nasal mucosa of chronic rhinosinusitis patients. A scientist, Gosepath confirmed the presence of Alternaria DNA in the nasal tissue of chronic rhinosinusitis patients. It was studied that the seasonal aggravation of allergic rhinitis symptoms might have a relation with seasonal peak of Alternaria spore concentration in the air and higher rate of
hypersensitivity to it. A scientist, Andersson demonstrated that rhinitis symptoms are higher in summer because the concentration of airborne spores of Alternaria is higher in this time of the year.
Thus, it could be understood that Inhalation of fungal spores participates in the development of allergic rhinitis symptoms and the relation between presence of Alternaria in the human nasal cavity and allergic rhinitis is significant.
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